Passive Rules

The rules are :

1.      Using transitive verb (kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek)

2.      Subject in active sentence change become object in passive voice/sentence

3.      Using past participle (V3) and tobe (auxilary) depend on the tenses

4.      Put “by” before object

Ex :  I am eating fried chicken → fried chicken is eaten by me/you

5.      Nominal sentence can’t be passive

Form :

1.      Simple Present

(+) S + is, am, are + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + is, am, are + not + V3 + by + O

(?) Is, am, are + S + V3 + by + O 

2.      Present Continous

(+) S + is, am, are + be ing + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + is, am, are + not + be ing + V3 + by + O

(?) Is, am ,are + S + be ing + V3 + by + O ?

3.      Present perfect

(+) S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O

(?)  Have/has + S + been + V3 + by + O ?

4.      Present Perfect Continous

(+) S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + have/has + not + ben + being + V3 + by + O
(?)  Have/has + S + been + being + V3 + by + O ?

5.      Simple Past

(+) S + was/were + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + was/were + not + V3 + by + O

(?)  Was/were + S + V3 + by + O ?

6.      Simple Past Continouse

(+) S + was/were + being + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + was/were + not + being + V3 + by + O

(?)  Was/were + S + being + V3 + by + O ?

7.      Simple Past Perfect

(+) S + had + been + V3 + by + O

(-)  S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O

(?)  Had + S + been + V3 + by + O ?